What is the capacitance of a capacitor?
Capacitor capacity is a measure of the ability to store electrical energy. High capacitance means that the capacitor is able to store more electrical energy. The unit of measurement is Faraday capacity. 1 Farad is a large unit and indicates high capacity. It should be noted that the capacitance of capacitors is a physical quantity and depends on the structure of the capacitor and does not depend on the circuit and the potential difference.
Therefore, the use of smaller units is also common in capacitors. The four conventional units are millifarads mf, microfarads µF, nanofarads nF, and picofarads pF smaller units.
m means 10-3 (thousand), so 1000mF = 1F
µ means 10-6 (millionth), so 1000000µF = 1F
n means 10-9 (thousand-millionth), so 1000nF = 1µF
p means 10-12 (million-millionth), so 1000pF = 1nF
:Examples of lens, electrolytic and polyester capacitors
Types of capacitors and how to read their capacitance
:Recognize the amount of capacitors
At Capacitors Electrolytes that have a very high capacity The capacity of all of them is written on their body (in mF). These types of capacitors are polar, ie they have positive and negative heads, which are usually marked negatively on the body of the capacitor, and care must be taken not to connect the negative and positive ends incorrectly, because in this case the electrolyte liquid inside it turns into gas. It will probably cause the capacitor to explode or come out of the capacitor, in which case the capacitor capacity will be greatly reduced and the capacitor will no longer be useful.
In lens and polyester capacitors, usually 1, 2 or 3 digits are written on their body, which determine the amount of capacity of this type of capacitor and how to determine the capacity is as follows: If the number is 1 or 2 digits on the body of this The capacitors were the same number as the capacitor capacity in pF (Picot Farad), and if a 3-digit number was written on their body, (for example 223) we write the two digits on the left (ie 22) and instead of the digit number We set zero to the right (ie 22000) and this number represents the value of the capacitor in pF.
Note: On the body of some capacitors (preferably old) colored numbers such as resistors are printed that indicate the capacity of the capacitor.
Tantalum capacitors:
They are numbered in two ways, either written directly on them, or identified by color codes. Farad), in these capacitors there is a colored dot, each of which represents a working voltage:
White = 2 volts
yellow = 6.3 volts
black = 10 volts
green = 16 volts
gray = 25 volts
red = 35 volts
Color code in capacitor:
At Polyester has been used in color codes on their bodies for many years. In these codes, the first three colors show the capacity and the fourth color shows the tolerance (error percentage). For example, brown-black-orange means 10,000 picofarads or 10 nanofarads. Polyester capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits today. These capacitors become defective against high temperatures, so this should be taken into account when soldering.
The color order of the capacitors is from 0 to 9, respectively:
Black, Brown, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Purple, Gray, White
Capacitors do not exist at any capacity. For example, there are capacitors of 22 microfarads or 47 microfarads, but there are no capacitors of 25 microfarads or 117 microfarads. The reason for this is:
Suppose we want to make capacitors with a capacity difference of ten to ten. For example, 10, 20, 30 and. .. as the same way. It sounds good at first, but what happens when we reach a capacity of, say, 1000?
For example, 1000, 1010, 1020 and. .. In this case, the difference between a 1000 microfarad capacitor and a 1010 microfarad capacitor is very small and there is no difference between them, so this does not seem reasonable. Standard multiples of 10 can be used to construct a tangible range of capacitor values. For example, 7/4 – 47 – 470 and. .. or 2/2 – 220 – 2200 and …
Types of capacitors and how to read their capacitance
Numerical code of capacitors:
In electrolytic capacitors, the capacitance is usually written as a specific number with its corresponding unit (pf, nf ,,…) next to the storage voltage (maximum voltage stored in the capacitor). But in other capacitors, a 3-digit number is written. It is written with an English letter (k, j or m). To calculate the capacity of this type of capacitors, we multiply the first two numbers by ten to the power of the third number, which gives the unit in terms of picofarads. For example, if If the number 684k is written on the capacitor, it means that the capacity of this capacitor is equal to: 10000 × 68 picofarads, ie 680 nanofarads or 0.68 microfarads. In simpler words, if the number 103 is written on the capacitor, we write the first two numbers (10) and put zero in front of the third number (3). The resulting number (10000) indicates the capacitance in terms of Picot Farad and in If this value is divided by 1000, the capacitance is obtained in nanofarads (10 nf).
Letters such as j, b, c, specify the tolerance (accuracy) of the capacitor according to the following table:
B = +/- 0.10%
C = +/- 0.25%
D = +/- 0.5%
E = +/- 0.5%
F = +/- 1%
G = +/- 2%
H = +/- 3%
J = +/- 5%
K = +/- 10%
M = +/- 20%
N = +/- 0.05%
P = + 100%, -0%
Z = + 80%, -20%
Types of capacitors and how to read their capacitance
Ceramic capacitor table
(Click on the image to see a larger image)
When it comes to capacitance, capacitors include capacitance in cylindrical, spherical, air conditioner, ceramic, lens, electrolytic, tantalum, variable, parallel, flat, and SMD capacitors.
Capacitor in EnglishIt is called Capacitor.
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During this article, to introduce the types of capacitors and get acquainted with how they work,How to read and calculate the amount (codes) of lens capacitors andCapacitor capacity calculation tutorialit was pointed out.
We hope that the article as much as possible to your questions about what is a capacitor meter and how it is read, and introduction and familiarity with different types of capacitors, training on how to operate and use them,Capacitor capacitance detection method with table of capacitors,How to read the capacitance of lens capacitors. Also, in case of any questions and requests for the relevant equipment, you can contact the company so that the partners can provide the necessary instructions.