The components of a lightning arrester system according to NFC 17-102, IEC 62-305 are as follows
Lightning rod or lightning rod
Today, there are important parameters in the selection of lightning arresters, including these parameters of the radius of coverage. Lightning arrester The level is calculated and the exact location is suitable for the installation of lightning arresters, taking into account all the limitations of the project.
– Special lightning rod base
The tip of the Early Streamer Emission ESE must be at least 2 meters above the protected surface. This distance includes antennas, cooling towers, water tanks and..
– Base connection of base and mast
Proper selection of the rig as a lightning arresting member is of particular importance because improper selection can cause irreparable damage.
In general, the following should be observed in the installation of masts
* Select the appropriate fasteners and fittings with the length and diameter of the rig
* Ensure the rig’s endurance against wind and strong shocks
* Install hazard lights to prevent possible collisions between helicopters and aircraft at high altitudes
* Cover the masts with hot galvanized coating and use this outer surface coating
* In parts of the lightning arrester system that are in the unauthorized area with electronic installations and equipment, etc., for example, the distance between the mast and the descending conductor to the TV antenna, satellite split, etc., the system must be connected by an insulator to prevent sparks. Unintentionally prevent lightning when passing through
-Space spacer blocks
The passage of the descending conductor on the roofs of buildings, which are generally insulated with isogum and است, is best done by spacer blocks to prevent damage to the roof surface insulation.
Down Conductors
The connection between lightning arrester and Earth system Established by a descending conductor. This conductor can include a variety of woven belts or wires with a cross section of more than 50 mm2
In non-insulated lightning arresting systems, at least two down conductors must be run from two separate paths. In certain circumstances, the down conductor may be removed from the system or increased to more than two conductors. In buildings and structures with a height of more than 60 meters, it is necessary to take measures to prevent lightning from hitting the body of the structure at lower altitudes with a certain distance. Descending conductors should be implemented in the outermost part of the building. Also, bending and considering safe distance are of special importance.
Descending conductor fittings
The connection of the descending conductor to the structure must be established by suitable clamps. It is necessary to use 3 clamps in each meter of descending conductor
Lightning Strike Counter
The lightning meter should be located in the most direct descending conductor and before the disconnector (in French Sectionneur) at a distance of 2 meters from the ground. After each absorption of lightning by the lightning arrester system, tests related to the health of the lightning arrester and earth . Therefore, installing a lightning meter can be a great help in knowing the absorption of lightning by the system and its health.
Test joint connection
In order to perform tests of lightning arresting system and connecting or disconnecting the connection between the descending conductor and the earth system, installing a test connection on each descending conductor is of special importance.
According to the protection standards of the conductor test connection, in cases where it is available to the public, it should be placed in a composite box on which the earth mark is inserted. The test connection should be installed at a height of 2 meters above the ground.
Protection sheath
To prevent mechanical impact and damage to the descending conductor by other factors, it is necessary to protect the conductor up to 2 meters from the ground by appropriate shields.
-Mechanical connections
Mechanical joints must be resistant to chemical corrosion and rust, and these must be considered when choosing their material.
-Earth concrete pit
Earthing system