Conductivity Meter:
In many industrial processes, determining the purity of water and solubility in liquid is very important. This information can be done using a measurement process called conductivity. The electrical conductivity of a fluid is called conductivity.
Electrical conductivity is usually determined by passing an alternating current through a certain volume of fluid for which conductivity must be measured. In its simplest form, this process involves measuring the resistance of a cell consisting of two electrodes with a fixed shape and a fixed distance. Specific conductivity has an inverse relationship with TB resistance and the proportionality coefficient of this relationship is called TB constant. To accurately measure conductivity, it is necessary to accurately determine the TB constant.
Tuberculosis is determined by two fixed methods.
- Measure the conductivity of a specific solution
- Comparison of conductivity obtained at the same temperature and with the same gas by a tube whose constant is known.
It is worth noting that the conductivity is denoted by the symbol G and is the unit of measurement of Siemens. Conductivity is inversely related to resistance:
G = 1 / R
Most cells are made of PP or PPD and electrodes are made of graphite or titanium. These electrodes are usually two coaxial metal plates that are mounted completely immersed in the tank.
The only solution whose conductivity is sufficiently known and can be used as a reference is potassium hydrochloride solution. This salt should be as pure as possible and should be dried in a 120 degree almond oven before preparing the solution.
The water in which the salt is dissolved should be deionized water with a conductivity of less than 2 microsymps per centimeter at room temperature. The substances used to make TB should not be affected by the electrolyte.
High conductivity means that electrons flow easily inside the liquid, and this is because the liquid has many ions.
Conduct a solution
The electrical conductivity of a solution is based on the ability of the solution to conduct current. If an emf force is established between two electrodes in a solution, it shows the electrical conductivity of the ions in the electrolyte conductor.
The presence of ions in a solution causes it to conduct electricity, and all ions conduct electricity to some extent. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of liquids is based on the separation of acids, bases, and salts in the water, which are actually charged particles.
In most electrolytic conductors, electrical conductivity is the result of combining a solvent as well as an electrolyte.
Of course, the solvent can itself be a weak conductor. All normal salt solutions in water are in this group. In some cases, an electrolyte solution is formed when two substances that are weak conductors in both specific states are mixed together. Acid solutions in water are examples of these electrolytes.
The electrical conductivity of a solution is due to the movement of positive and negative ions towards electrodes with opposite charge.
Thus, the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is the sum of the sharing of cathodes and endosomes and, more simply, the mobility of ions. For example, in sodium chloride solution, sodium ions go to the electrode with a negative electric charge and chlorine ions go to the electrode with a positive electric charge.
When positive ions reach the negative electrode, they gain electrons, and negative ions lose electrons when they reach the positive electrode and are neutralized. This exchange of electrons through the solution causes an electric current to pass.