Device application:
A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the concentration of dyes in solutions, such as measuring urea-uric acid and the like.
Device specifications:
The spectrophotometer measures the absorption of light by a liquid substance at different wavelengths. By this means the components of an unknown substance can be identified or the concentration of a number of known substances can be measured.
Spectrophotometer device of two parts spectrometer (spectrum formation) and Photometer (Photometry) is formed. Spectrometer is a part that creates constant light with desired wavelength and includes light source – lens – slits – monochromator.
Different components of spectrophotometer:
- Electric energy source:
A spectrophotometer requires a constant source of electrical energy to generate light. This source can be a dry or wet battery or an AC power supply.
- Light energy source:
In most light spectrophotometers, their light source is the tungsten lamp. In ultraviolet light spectrophotometers, dual thyristor lamps are used.
- Monochromator:
Before hitting the monochromator, light passes through lenses and slits whose role is to control the amount and direction of light. To measure light absorption, lights with a specific wavelength must be used. For this purpose, monochromators are used. . The chromatograph menu uses a jump or prism to scatter light (light decomposition) through the lamp (slot s1).
As soon as the light reaches the s2 slit, it decomposes into its own spectral components and falls onto the sample in the quota. Narrower gaps result in shorter wavelengths. The diffraction grid angle determines the wavelength of light. If all other parameters are constant and the mirror reduces the size of the equipment, the light output – the sensitivity of the light detection – and the absorption of the sample material change with the wavelength, which requires zero calibration of each wavelength measurement. Automatically does this by switching the beam path. Then the path absorption ratio can be calculated.
- Light meter:
With the help of light meters, they convert light energy into electrical energy and it includes different types such as photovoltaics or phototubes, photodiodes, etc. Some of these Photometers They are so sensitive that they can operate the sensitive galvanometer directly, while in others the amplifier must be placed in their path.
- Electricity meter:
The spectrophotometer requires a device that measures the electric current of the phototype. For this purpose, a galvanometer – Null Point system can be used.